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- Subject: History --The Hindenburg
-
- The Inferno
- The arrival of the Hindenburg, thirteen hours behind schedule, at Lakehurst,
- New Jersey, on the evening of May 6, 1937, promised to be routine. The ship
- had an unblemished safety record on eighteen previous Atlantic crossings. In
- fact, no passenger had ever lost his life on any commercial airship. Still,
- because this was the beginning of the most ambitious season yet for airship
- voyages, reporters, photographers and news reel cameramen had their eyes and
- lenses focused on the great dirigible as it approached. When disaster struck
- it was sudden. Without warning flames gushed from within the Hindenburg's
- hull; thirty-two seconds later the airship lay on the ground, ravaged. Never
- had the sights and sounds of a disaster in progress been so graphically
- documented. Within a day, newspaper readers and theater audiences were
- confronted by fiery images of the Hindenburg. Radio listeners heard the
- emotional words of newsman Herb Morrison, sobbing into his recorder, "It's
- burning, bursting into flames, and it's falling on the mooring mast and all
- the folks. This is one of the worst catastrophes in the world. . . . Oh, the
- humanity and all the passengers!(Marben 58)" When this floating cathedral,
- called the Hindenburg, burst into a geyser of flaming hydrogen there was a
- tremendous impact on the public, although two thirds of the people on board
- survived. Two theories about why it happened surfaced and this tragedy put
- an end to the short age of these massive airships.
- The demise of the Hindenburg had a searing impact on public consciousness
- that far surpassed the bare statistics of the calamity. Men and women
- escaped, even from this inferno. One elderly lady walked out by the normal
- exit as though nothing had happened and was unscratched. A fourteen-year-old
- cabin boy jumped to the ground into flames and smoke. He was almost
- unconscious from the fumes when a water-ballast bag collapsed over his head.
- He got out. One passenger hacked his way through a jungle of hot metal
- using his bare hands. Another emerged safely, only to have another passenger
- land upon him and cripple him. One man, at an open window with every chance
- to jump to safety, went back into the flames to his wife, both died. The
- final count was 36 dead, including 13 passengers. Nearly two thirds, of the
- 97 persons on board survived, but that fact was forever obscured, and the
- name Hindenburg became comparable only to the name Titanic(Abbott 69).
- Of all airship crashes, Hindenburg's remains the most mysterious and the
- most contentious, partially because of its fame. Many theorists were
- attracted to the idea of sabotage. An incendiary device could have been
- positioned at the place the fire started. There was an access ladder from
- the keel as well as a ventilation shaft to fan the flames(124). The most
- attractive aspect of the sabotage theory is timing. Had the airship arrived
- on time at six o'clock in the morning a bomb timed for after seven p.m. would
- not have caused the horrifying casualties(125). In the absence of any real
- evidence to support the theory, some have been tempted to provide the villain
- instead. Max Pruss, captain at the time of the crash, eventually came to
- suspect a certain passenger(125). Others have chosen members of the crew.
- But not only did the American investigators fail to find any evidence of
- sabotage, the Gestapo investigation was equally negative. Unconvinced by
- this, some of the sabotage theorists have made the whole thing into a Nazi
- plot(Marben 87).
- Many explanations fit the circumstances without the "sensational" solutions.
- The presence of free hydrogen deep inside the ship can be attributed to
- various causes. The very slow approach-speed of the airship, after valving
- gas, might well have left some gas residue in the shafts. The tail
- heaviness, noticed by the elevator man, might have been the result of a gas
- leak(Abbott 251). The only other necessary ingredient is the spark. Both
- American and German investigators agreed that some form of static discharge
- was the source of the fire(250).
- The burning of the Hindenburg made it clear once and for all that dirigible
- travel was merely a blind alley in the evolution of flight. The giant
- airships' remaining loyalists were abandoned, along with Gill Robb Wilson,
- the landing supervisor at Lakehurst that fateful evening, "Those of us long
- in the air know what it is to reach out in salute to the embodiment of our
- hopes, and suddenly find our fingers filled with ashes(Marben 59)."
-